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"Luminous Art & Design :: Art & Artists"
Graphic Design :: Biography and Books"
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Graphic design is the art of designing a visual representation. It is used to convey a message or present information. The main elements of graphic design are images and typography. Graphic design is the most universal art and part of our daily life.
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Graphic design is the art of designing print or electronic forms of a visual representation with use of typography, images, symbols, and colors. Graphic design is used to convey a message or present information to an audience, such as in magazines or websites. It differs from the advertising art, which objective is the sale of goods and services. Graphic design is also called ‘visual communications’
Graphic design has been practiced throughout the history, from caves drawings to neon shop signs, but it became only a specific profession in the end of the 19th century. The term ‘graphic design’ originated from 1922, when William Addison Dwiggins, a book designer, used it to describe his activities of bringing structural order and visual form to printed communications. Graphic design was originally used for printed media as magazines and brochures, but is now often used in interactive or multimedia design.
The main elements of graphic design are images and typography. Graphic designers create, choose, and organize these elements to communicate a message. In some cases the design is image-based with few or no words at all to help carrying the message. Images can be drawn, painted, photographed or computer-generated. In other cases, designers depend on words to send the message. However, to graphic designers the meaning of the word is subordinate to what the words look like. Typography is made up of letterforms, sizes and colors. Symbols, icons and logotypes are special signs; forms of highly condensed information that represent something. Graphic designers often combine images, typography and symbols to communicate the message and they try to find the best balance between the elements.
In the 1980s, programmers and developers realized the potential of graphic design and developed painting software. The arrival of desktop publishing (PageMaker in 1985) and more advanced graphic art software (and image editors as Photoshop) introduced computer image manipulation to a new generation of designers. Computers enable designers to instantly see the effects of layout or typographic changes and allow designers to explore multiple ideas quickly. Computers are generally considered to be indispensable and effective production tools used in the graphic design industry. The major trend in graphic design came when the internet started to use graphic design for building web pages and online promotions. Graphic design is exclusively used to create e-commerce web design and web advertisement tools.
Graphic design is the most universal art. It is part of our daily life, informing, explaining, decorating, identifying, persuading; imposing meaning on the world. Every time we read a magazine, use the internet, we are encountered by graphic design. Designers are responsible for various kinds of packaging that is both eye-catching and informative, even humble things like gum wrappers. Without graphic design we would have to receive all our information by the spoken word.
The graphic sector is a huge business industry. Only in the U.S. between 60,000 and 70,000 graphic designers are employed in advertising agencies, consulting offices, corporate in-house design departments, publishing, retail, and the film, television, and computer industries. And next to that there are over 75,000 freelancers. With total industry revenues of only the U.S. estimated at over $11 billion annually.
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